HUBUNGAN HIPERTENSI KEHAMILAN PADA IBU DENGAN BERAT BAYI LAHIR RENDAH DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TUREN KABUPATEN MALANG

Abstract

Hipertensi kehamilan menyebabkan gangguan fungsi plasenta yang mengakibatkan janin mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan berupa berat bayi lahir rendah. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan hipertensi kehamilan ibu dengan berat bayi lahir rendah di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian mengunakan desain case control dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 34 ibu nifas yang memiliki bayi BBLR dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 34 orang dengan penentuan menggunakan Total Sampling.Instrumen untuk Hipertensi menggunakan tensi meter dan untuk BBLR menggunakan timbangan, datanya di ambil di rekam medis.Analisis data megunakan uji uji Pearson Product Moment.Hasil penelitian membuktikan hampir seluruhnya 28 responden (82,4%) mengalami hipertensi kehamilan sedang dan hampir seluruhnya 32 responden (94,1%) memiliki bayi dengan berat bayi lahir rendah. Hasil uji Pearson Product Moment menunjukkan adanya hubungan hipertensi kehamilan ibu dengan berat bayi lahir rendah di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang didapatkan p value = (0,002) < (0,05). Ibu hamil harus mengkontrol tekanan darahnya agar dapat menurunkan resiko terjadinya BBLR.

Pregnancy hypertension causes impaired placental function which results in the fetus experiencing growth disturbance in the form of low birth weight babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of maternal hypertension with low birth weight babies in the work area of Turen Health Center in Malang Regency. The study design used a cross sectional design with a retrospective approach. The study population was 34 postpartum mothers with LBW infants and the study sample was 34 people with determinations using total sampling. Data collection techniques using instruments in the form of observation sheets and medical records. Data analysis method used is the Pearson Product Moment test. The results showed that almost all 28 respondents (82.4%) had moderate pregnancy hypertension and almost all 32 respondents (94.1%) had babies with low birth weight babies. Pearson Product Moment test results showed a relationship of maternal hypertension with low birth weight babies in the work area of Turen Health Center in Malang Regency, obtained p value = (0.002) <(0.05). Further researchers are expected to conduct research by knowing the factors associated with maternal hypertension and low birth weight babies such as lifestyle, diet and stress.

Keywords: Low Birthweight, Pregnancy Hypertension, Postpartum Mother